East meets West ?
نویسنده
چکیده
The European Union upon which this Report focuses is by no means fixed. Negotiations have already begun that may see the EU’s enlargement to include five post-communist countries in Central Europe by the early years of the 21st century, and it is possible that further expansion into Eastern Europe will occur after that. It is often assumed that such a ‘widening’ of EU membership will prevent any ‘deepening’ of the role of the Union within the member states. It is argued that an expanded membership will seriously limit the policy options available to the EU, since members will have increasingly disparate characteristics, giving only the most shallow opportunities for integration. There are indeed many differences between the prospective and the current member states but how different are the attitudes and values of their inhabitants? Will enlargement result in increasing diversity of opinion throughout the EU? Or are the views of prospective members not really very different from those expressed within existing EU countries? Our aims in this chapter are two-fold. First, we shall identify differences in social attitudes between existing EU members and post-communist applicants. Secondly, we shall attempt to explain those differences, assessing, in particular, whether they reflect primarily the legacy of communist rule or stem from other features that differentiate the two areas. We shall also consider whether attitudes within the EU and the applicant countries are likely to converge or not in the future. The data come from the International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) surveys conducted in 1991, 1992, 1993 and 1994. We use data from eight
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